History of the specialty
The emergence of programming as an occupation and, especially, as a professional activity is difficult to date unambiguously. Often considered to be the first programmable device, the jacquard loom built in 1804 by Joseph Marie Jacquard, which revolutionized the weaving industry, made it possible to program patterns on fabrics using punched cards. The first programmable computing device, the "Analytical Engine", was developed by Charles Babbage (but could not build it). On July 19, 1843, Countess Ada Augusta Lovelace, daughter of the great English poet George Byron, is believed to have written the first Analytical Engine program in human history.
In her first and only scientific work, Ada Lovelace addressed a large number of issues. A number of the general provisions expressed by her (the principle of saving working memory cells, the connection of recurrent formulas with cyclic computational processes) have retained their fundamental importance for modern
Ada Augusta, Countess of Lovelace, is considered to be the honorary first programmer (although, of course, writing one program by modern standards cannot be considered an occupation or professional activity). History has preserved her name in the name of the universal programming language "Ada". The first working programmable computer (1941), the first programs for it, and also (with certain reservations) the first high-level programming language Plankalkyl created the German engineer Konrad Zuzi.
Direction in web development
There are three areas in the field of web development:
- Front-end developer. Such an employee concentrates on the visual part of the project, which includes the appearance of the resource, its interface, and all kinds of applications. It makes the use of each page of the site as comfortable as possible, that is, it focuses on the client side of the resource. Its main tools are CSS, HTML, JavaScript. This list is complemented by a whole list of programs designed to improve the site: Bootstrap, jQuery, AngularJS, LESS, Sass / SCSS, etc.
- Back-end developer. This specialist is engaged in server technologies. It receives a user request from the front end, processes it, and passes it back in a form accessible to the client. What happens on the server side is not available to the user, he sees only the final result and cannot interfere with the application from the outside. The back-end developer uses the following tools: different programming languages (PHP, Perl, Java, Python, Ruby), frameworks (Kohana, Codeigniter, Yii), as well as MySQL to save data.
- Fullstack-professional developer who can perform the tasks of a backand and frontend developer. There are quite a few such masters, because it is very difficult to master the whole range of knowledge.
Skills and Abilities of a Frontend Developer
SOFT SKILLS
- Good communication skills and ability to understand customer needs
- Attention, patience and perseverance
- psychological stability, especially in case of failures
- Ready for teamwork
- Ability to endure mental overload
HARD SKILLS
- At least write some unit tests
- Understand how the protocol works HTTP
- Draw clickable prototypes in Figma
- Work with Bootstrap grids and Grid Loyout
Popular languages and technologies for frontend development
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HTML- a standardized document markup language for viewing web pages in a browser.
CSS - a formal language for describing the appearance of a document written using a markup language.
React- JavaScript- an open source library for developing user interfaces.
JavaScript(JS)- multi-paradigm programming language. Supports object-oriented, imperative and functional styles.
PHP-a general-purpose scripting language heavily used for developing web applications.
Pros and cons of the profession
pros
- Included in the ranking of the most popular professions.
- The salary of a specialist is higher than the average salary in the country.
- Opportunities to work remotely.
- Diploma not always required.
- Opportunity to become a specialist at a young age.
Minuses
- Sedentary work at the computer, requiring constant concentration.
- It is necessary to regularly monitor the latest developments and master new skills.
How Much Do Web Developers Get?
On average, a "Web programmer" in Ukraine earns 22500 UAH. This is the median of salaries based on data from 108 vacancies posted on Work.ua with the title "Web programmer" and for synonymous queries "Web developer", "Web programmer", "Web programmer", etc.
Specialist levels:
Junior-a novice programmer who knows the basics and understands how his tool works. Even if you have only recently started learning programming, you can already apply for the title of junior - in the worst case, this will be an intern vacancy, which is not a bad place to start.
Middle-a developer who already has some programming experience. He can already perform complex tasks on his own, but he needs direction.
Senior-an experienced developer who has seen a lot of code, scored a bunch of bumps and managed to draw the right conclusions from this. The main task of the signor is to make the right technological decisions in the project. The “right” ones are those that bring maximum benefit to the business and minimize costs.
| Direction | Number of vacancies | Junior | Middle | Senior |
| Fullstack-developer | 340 | 20 | 43 | 66 |
| Backend-developer | 1099 | 17 | 40 | 55 |
| Frontend-developer | 2159 | 17 | 40 | 55 |
Prospects for the profession
Modern web applications tend to be client-server. The client part is developed by a front-end programmer, and the server part is developed by a back-end developer. Professionals who can fulfill both of these roles are called full-stack programmers. Despite the fact that now a designer can create a website using the constructor, the demand for web programmers is not decreasing, but only increasing. Most often, ready-made solutions are enough for small businesses, but if you need business process automation or complex applications (websites) on the Internet, then you cannot do without a web programmer. The term "web-programmer" is very broad, since the web-sphere is diverse, divided into profiles for which narrow specialists work.